机械

针对某运营中的地铁停车场结构振动问题，采用现场实测数据分析方法系统研究了车致振动传播特性及其对结构的影响。首先在停车场库内区域及盖上区域布置振动测点，同步采集不同车速工况（10～25 km/h）下钢轨、道床、结构柱及上盖板的振动响应数据。通过时频联合分析，发现53 Hz主频分量与P2模态的强相关性。研究发现了振动沿结构传播的衰减规律：道床至结构柱的振动传递损失在50Hz以下频段明显不足，导致低频振动可沿结构长距离传播。基于GB/T10070-88标准评估表明，当列车以15 km/h运行时，盖上Z振级最大值为75 dB，超过住宅区夜间限值8 dB。通过参数分析发现，车速降低超过一半时，钢轨、道床、盖下结构柱及盖上结构柱的最大振动加速度分别降低50%、55%、45%和60%，建筑物结构振动最大Z振级减少5～6 dB。这些发现为既有地铁停车场振动控制提供了重要依据。

To investigate the vibration issues in an operational metro depot's structure, this study systematically examines the transmission characteristics of train-induced vibrations and their impact on the structure through field measurement and data analysis. Vibration monitoring points were arranged in both the depot area and the over-track area, with synchronous data collection of vibration responses from rails, track beds, structural columns, and on-track slab under different train speeds(10～25 km/h). The time-frequency joint analysis revealed a strong correlation between the dominant 53 Hz frequency component and the P2 mode. The study identified the attenuation patterns of vibration transmission along the structure: the vibration transmission loss from the track bed to structural columns was notably insufficient below 50Hz, allowing low-frequency vibrations to travel long distances through the structure. The evaluation based on the GB/T 10070-88 indicated that when trains operated at 15 km/h, the maximum Z-vibration level on the cover reached 75 dB, exceeding the nighttime limit forresidential areas by 8 dB. The parametric analysis showed that when the train speed was reduced by more than half,the maximum vibration accelerations of rails,track beds,structural columns beneath the cover,and columns above the cover decreased by 50%,55%,45%,and 60%,respectively,and the maximum Z-vibration level of the building structure was reduced by 5～6 d B.These findings provide critical insights for vibration control in existing metro depots.