机械

通过对钢箱梁施工现场的调研，设计了一款专用于钢箱梁的高强度螺栓自动拧紧机。首先通过方案对比，确定了拧紧机整体结构采用龙门架式的设计构型，并明确了主要组成部分包括行走机构、升降轴、直线模组、拧紧机构等。同时利用软件SolidWorks对螺栓拧紧机的结构设计方案进行了细化，完成了其三维模型的构建，并对其工作过程进行了分析。其次，本文借助有限元仿真软件ANSYS Workbench对拧紧机的关键承力构件进行了应力与应变分析。结果表明，在两倍静力载荷条件下，横梁、升降轴、支座的最大变形量分别约为0.2 mm、0.014 mm、0.1 mm，均小于材料的最大许用应变，确保了结构设计的可靠性。此外，相较于Q235材料而言，采用6063-T6铝型材的升降轴，虽然其等效应变和总变形量有所上升，但质量减少了约21%，在保证结构刚性的同时满足了轻量化的设计。

Based on the construction site survey of steel box girders, a novel automatic tightening machine specifically designed for the high-strength bolts on steel box girders has been developed in this paper. Firstly, it is determined that the overall structure of the automatic tightening machine adopts a gantry style design through scheme comparison, and the main components include walking mechanism, lifting shaft, linear module, tightening mechanism, etc. At the same time, the structural design scheme of the bolt tightening machine was refined, and the 3D model of bolt tightening machine was carried out using modeling software SolidWorks, and the working principle was analyzed. In addition, the stress and strain analysis of key load-bearing components of the tightening machine was conducted using finite element simulation software ANSYS Workbench. The results show that under double static load conditions, the maximum deformations of the crossbeam, lifting shaft, and support bracket are approximately 0.2 mm, 0.014 mm, and 0.1 mm, respectively, all of which are less than the maximum allowable strain of the material, ensuring the reliability of the structural design. Furthermore, the lifting shaft made of 6063-T6 aluminum profile has an increased equivalent strain and total deformation compared to Q235 material, but its mass has been reduced by about 21%, ensuring structural rigidity while meeting the requirements of lightweight design.