机械

以某型机床立柱为研究对象,开展了立柱结构的轻量化研究工作。首先,利用Hyperworks软件对立柱结构进行静态和动态特性分析,得到立柱在切削力工况下的应力、变形位移云图、固有频率、振型以及频率位移响应曲线;然后,采用变密度法以柔度最小为目标函数进行拓扑优化,根据拓扑优化云图得到立柱内壁的筋条排布形式;接着,提取加筋板的中面并建立2D模型,进行尺寸优化设计,得到加筋板的最优厚度尺寸;最后,将优化模型与原模型进行力学性能对比分析。优化结果显示:基于拓扑优化方法的机床立柱可在减轻重量的同时提高其静、动态特性。

In this paper, a lightweight research on a certain type of machine column is carried out. Firstly, the static and dynamic characteristics of the column structure are analyzed by using Hyperworks software to obtain the stress contour, deformation displacement contour, natural frequency, vibration mode and frequency displacement response curve of the column under the cutting force condition. Then, the topology optimization is performed by using the variable density method with the minimum flexibility as the objective function, and the rib arrangement of the inner wall of the column is obtained according to the topology optimization contour. After that, the middle surface of the stiffened plate is extracted and a 2 D model is established, and the size optimization design is performed to obtain the optimal thickness of the stiffened plate. Finally, the mechanical properties of the optimized model are compared with the original model. The optimization results show that the machine column based on the topology optimization method can improve the static and dynamic characteristics while reducing the weight.