机械

车架是汽车起重机的重要组成部分，其承载能力对起重机的工作性能有着比较大的影响。以60t某型汽车起重机结构中车架作为研究对象，将车架的参数模型导入Hypermesh软件中对其进行有限元分析。车架模型整体使用四节点网格进行划分，并对其进行静力学计算，计算其在危险工况下所产生的von Mises应力、变形。对不符合强度、刚度要求的车架初始模型进行结构改进，使其满足要求。最后使用OptiStruct软件对车架模型进行尺寸优化，以车架部分壳单元板厚为设计变量，车架刚度、强度为约束条件，车架最小质量为目标。优化后的车架质量减少了0.599 t，减重率为6.0%。

The frame is an important component of a truck crane, and its load-bearing capacity has a significant impact on the working performance of the crane. In this article, the frame of a 60 t truck crane structure is chosen as the research object, and this parameterized model is then imported into Hypermesh software for finite element analysis. The entire framework model is divided into four node grids and subjected to static mechanical calculations to calculate the von Mises stress and deformation generated under dangerous working conditions.And structural improvements were made to the initial model of the framework that did not meet the requirements for strength and stiffness to meet the requirements. Finally, to start the optimization process in OptiStruct, we need to define design variables, constraints, and optimization objectives. In this case, we will use the thickness of the shell element as the design variable, and use the stiffness and strength of the frame as constraints, with the minimum mass of the frame as the optimization goal. The optimized frame reducing the weight of the frame by 0.599 tons and achieving a weight reduction rate of 6.0%.